Chlorophyll a

Shepanski, J.F.; Williams, D.J.; Kalisky, Y.
The triplet exciton of chlorophyll a and carotenoid in solution and in photosynthetic antenna proteins.
Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 766: 116-25 (1984)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Acetone

wave length (nm) at maximum, extinction coefficient = 460, 56000

Triplet state population method: Pulsed laser photolysis
Extinction coefficient estimation method: Singlet depletion

Livingston, R.
Preliminary study of a metastable form of chlorophyll in fluid solutions.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77: 2179-82 (1955)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Benzene

wave length at maximum = 460 nm

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Halftime = 150 ± 40 micro sec.

Livingston, R.; Fujimori, E.
Some properties of the ground triplet state of chlorophyll and related compounds.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80: 5610-3 (1958)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Benzene

wave length at maximum = 465; 440 nm

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Comments: 440 nm maximum was judged to be of "doubtful significance" by the experimenters; benzene was wet

Livingston, R.
Preliminary study of a metastable form of chlorophyll in fluid solutions.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77: 2179-82 (1955)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Cyclohexanol

wave length at maximum = 465; 360 nm

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Halftime = 600 ± 180 micro sec.

Mathis, P.; Setif, P.
Near infra-red absorption spectra of the chlorophyll a cations and triplet state in vitro and in vivo.
Isr. J. Chem. 21: 316-20 (1981)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Cyclohexanol, 294 K

wave length at maximum = 1150; 750 nm

Triplet state population method: Pulsed laser photolysis
Halftime = 500 micro sec.

Mathis, P.
Etude par spectroscopie d'eclairs du transfert d'energie chlorophylle-carotenoide.
Photochem. Photobiol. 9: 55-63 (1969)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Digitonin, 293 K

wave length at maximum = 670a; 510a nm

Triplet state population method: Pulsed laser photolysis
Lifetime = 830 micro sec.
Comments: *Oxygen quenching (2.4 x 108 L mol–1 s–1); aqueous micellar suspension

Bowers, P.G.; Porter, G.
Quantum yields of triplet formation in solutions of chlorophyll.
Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 296: 435-44 (1967)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Et2O

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Extinction coefficient estimation method: Singlet depletion

Journeaux, R.; Chene, G.; Viovy, R.
Dimerisation de la chlorophylle dans les solvants apolaires. Etude de l'equilibre et de l'etat triplet.
J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol. 74(11-12): 1203-10 (1977)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Heptane

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Extinction coefficient estimation method: Total depletion
Comments: Solution contains pyridine; epsilon method assumed

Journeaux, R.; Chene, G.; Viovy, R.
Dimerisation de la chlorophylle dans les solvants apolaires. Etude de l'equilibre et de l'etat triplet.
J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol. 74(11-12): 1203-10 (1977)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Heptane

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Extinction coefficient estimation method: Total depletion
Comments: Solution contains ether; epsilon method assumed

Livingston, R.
Preliminary study of a metastable form of chlorophyll in fluid solutions.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77: 2179-82 (1955)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : MeOH

wave length at maximum = 462; 425(?); 390(?) nm

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Halftime = 200 ± 50 micro sec.

Livingston, R.; Fujimori, E.
Some properties of the ground triplet state of chlorophyll and related compounds.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80: 5610-3 (1958)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : MeOH

wave length at maximum = 550; 450 nm

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Comments: 550 nm maximum was judged to be of "doubtful significance" by the experimenters

Gurinovich, G.P.; Zen'kevich, E.I.; Sagun, E.I.
Migration of electron excitation energy with involvement of excited acceptor molecules.
Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Phys. Ser. 44: 7-13 (1980)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Polyvinylbutyral, 77 K

wave length at maximum = 472a nm

Triplet state population method: Pulsed laser photolysis

Gurinovich, G.P.; Zen'kevich, E.I.; Sagun, E.I.
Radiationless intermolecular energy transfer with participation of acceptor excited triplet states.
J. Lumin. 26: 297-317 (1982)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Polyvinylbutyral, 77 K

wave length at maximum = 460a; 425a nm

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Lifetime = 2 x 103 micro sec.
Comments: Polymer film

Linschitz, H.; Sarkanen, K.
The absorption spectra and decay kinetics of the metastable states of chlorophyll A and B.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80: 4826-32 (1958)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Pyridine, 298 K

wave length (nm) at maximum, extinction coefficient = 530, 17800
462, 32000

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis
Extinction coefficient estimation method: Singlet depletion
Lifetime = 1500 micro sec.

Livingston, R.; Fujimori, E.
Some properties of the ground triplet state of chlorophyll and related compounds.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80: 5610-3 (1958)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Pyridine

wave length at maximum = 460 nm

Triplet state population method: Flash photolysis

Baugher, J.; Hindman, J.C.; Katz, J.J.
Determination of the triplet and excited singlet absorption spectra of chlorophyll a with a tunable dye laser.
Chem. Phys. Lett. 63: 159-62 (1979)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Pyridine

wave length (nm) at maximum, extinction coefficient = 540, 35000
460, 48000

Triplet state population method: Pulsed laser photolysis
Extinction coefficient estimation method: See comments
Comments: Triplet concentration calculated by kinetic simulation; Sn <– S1 spectrum also resolved (epsilon440 = 68000 L mol–1 cm–1); epsilon460 corrected from text

Asano, M.; Koningstein, J.A.
Probing of chlorophyll a with a pulsed tunable laser: Monomer and dimer excited state lifetimes and their time resolved fluorescence spectra.
Chem. Phys. 57(1-2): 1-10 (1981)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : Pyridine

wave length at maximum = 450a nm

Triplet state population method: Pulsed laser photolysis
Lifetime = 70 micro sec.

Kiwi, J.; Graetzel, M.
Chlorophyll a sensitized redox processes in microemulsion systems.
J. Phys. Chem. 84: 1503-7 (1980)

Chlorophyll a
Solvent : SHS

wave length at maximum = 465; 740a nm

Triplet state population method: Pulsed laser photolysis
Lifetime = 800 micro sec.
Comments: Aqueous microemulsion, droplet radius ~ 100 Å; difference spectrum only

* Evidence supporting the assignment of the transient triplet state.
a Data have been obtained by computer-assisted digitization from spectrum in cited reference.
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