Abbreviations and Symbols

List of Abbreviations and Symbols

Methods and Other Symbols

c.k. -- competition kinetics
condy. -- conductivity
d.k. -- decay kinetics
DG -- free energy of activation
DH^‡ -- enthalpy of activation
DS^‡ -- entropy of activation
e -- extinction coefficient (molar absorptivity)
E_a -- activation energy
e.d. -- discharge
esr -- electron spin resonance
f.p. -- flash photolysis
f.p./rq -- flash photolysis/reductive quenching
f.p./oq -- flash photolysis/oxidative quenching
f.p./pi -- flash photolysis/photoionization
G -- radiation yield (molecules per 100 eV)
g-r. -- gamma radiolysis
I -- ionic strength
K -- equilibrium constant
k -- specific rate of the forward reaction
k_r -- specific rate of the reverse reaction
OQ -- oxidative quencher
pK_a -- negative logarithm of the equilibrium acid dissociation constant, e.g. where AH + H₂O Û A^– + H₃O⁺
phot. -- photolysis
p.b.k. -- product buildup kinetics
p.r. -- pulse radiolysis
RQ -- reductive quencher
satd. -- saturated
soln. -- solution
s.f. -- stopped flow

Chemical Species and Ligands

ABTS -- 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)
Ac -- acetyl
acac -- acetylacetonato (2,4-pentanedionato)
Ala -- alanine
aneN₄ -- 5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane
[13]aneN₄ -- 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotridecane
[15]aneN₄ -- 1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclopentadecane
[16]aneN₅ -- 1,4,7,10,13-pentaazacyclohexadecane
AQ -- 9,10-anthraquinone
AZAcapten -- 8-methyl-1,3,13,16-tetraaza-6,10,19-trithiabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane
bpm -- 2,2'-bipyrimidine
bpy -- 2,2'-bipyridine
4,4'-bpy -- 4,4'-bipyridine
bpz -- 2,2'-bipyrazine
bth -- 2,2'-bithiazole
BuOH -- butanol
tert-BuOH -- tert-butyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-propanol)
chxn -- trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine
Cp -- cyclopentadienyl
cyclam -- 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane
CysSH -- cysteine
diamsar -- 1,8-diamino-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane
dien -- diethylenetriamine
4,11-dieneN₄ -- 5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene
4,13-dieneN₄ -- 2,2,4,11,11,13-hexamethyl-1,5,10,14-tetraazacyclooctadeca-4,13-diene
4,14-dieneN₄ -- 5,7,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,14-diene
10,13-dieneN₄ -- 11,13-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotetradeca-10,13-diene
diHOamsar -- 1,8-bis(hydroxyamino)-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane
dinosar -- 1,8-dinitro-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane
DMCH -- 6,7-dihydro-5,8-dimethyldibenzo[b,j][1,10]phenanthroline
dmg -- dimethylglyoxime
DMSO -- dimethyl sulfoxide
DP -- deuteroporphyrin
dppz -- dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine
DQ -- duroquinone
DTPA -- diethylenetriaminepentaacetate ion
EDDA -- ethylenediaminediacetate ion
EDTA -- ethylenediaminetetraacetate ion
en -- ethylenediamine
Et₄dien -- tetraethyldiethylenetriamine
EtOH -- ethanol
Fc -- ferrocene
HEDTA -- N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N,N',N'-ethylenediaminetriacetate ion
HypO^– -- hydroxyprolinato
Gly^– -- glycinato
IDA -- iminodacetate ion
Im -- imidazole
In -- indole
isn -- isonicotinamide
mbpy -- 1-methyl-4,4'-bipyridinium
Me -- methyl
Me₆[14]aneN₄ -- 5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane
Me₄cyclam -- 1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane
Me₁₀cyclam -- 1,4,8,11-decamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane
MeNH₂[18]aneN₆ -- 8-Amino-8-methyl-1,3,6,10,13,15-hexaazatricyclo[13.1.1.1^13,15]octadecane
MeNO₂[18]aneN₆ -- 8-Methyl-8-nitro-1,3,6,10,13,15-hexaazatricyclo[13.1.1.1^13,15]octadecane
MeOH -- methanol
Me₂pyo[14]aneN₄ -- a-2,12-dimethyl-3,7,11,17-tetraazabicyclo[11.3.1]heptadeca-1(17),13,15-triene
Me₂pyo[14]hexaeneN₄ -- a-2,12-dimethyl-3,7,11,17-tetraazabicyclo[11.3.1]heptadeca-1(17),2,6,11,13,15-hexaene
Me₂pyo[14]trieneN₄ -- a-2,12-dimethyl-3,7,11,17-tetraazabicyclo[11.3.1]heptadeca-1(17),2,11,13,15-pentaene
Me₄tetraeneN₄ -- 1,3,8,10-tetraamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclodeca-1,3,8,10-tetraane
MV²⁺ -- 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium (methyl viologen)
na -- nicotinamide
NAD -- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NTA -- nitrilotriacetate ion
NQ -- naphthoquinone
PFP -- tetra(N-methylisonicotinamidophenyl)phosphine
Ph -- phenyl
phen -- 1,10-phenanthroline
pm -- pyrimidine
PP -- protoporphyrin
PrOH -- propanol
pts -- trisulfophthalocyanine
py -- pyridine
pytda -- 2-(1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)pyridine
pyth -- 2-(2-thiazolyl)pyridine
pz -- pyrazine
Q -- 1,4-benzoquinone
QH₂ -- hydroquinone
sar -- 3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane
SDS -- sodium dodecylsulfate
sep -- 1,3,6,8,10,13,16,19-octaazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane
tacn -- 1,4,7-triazacyclononane
TAP -- 1,4,5,7-tetraazaphenanthrene
TAPP -- tetra(4-trimethylammoniophenyl)porphine
TCPP -- tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine
TCPPS -- tetra(2,6-dichloro-3-sulfonatophenyl)porphine
TEOA -- triethanolamine
terpy -- 2,2':2',2''-terpyridine
tetraen -- tetraethyldiethylenetriamine
tetraeneN₄ -- 5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-1,3,8,10-tetraene
tetren -- tetraethylenepentamine
TFPPS -- tetra(2-fluoro-3-sulfonatophenyl)porphine
tim -- 2,3,9,10-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-1,3,8,10-tetraene
TMpyP -- tetra(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine
2-TMpyP -- tetra(1-methyl-2-pyridyl)porphine
3-TMpyP -- tetra(1-methyl-3-pyridyl)porphine
TPP -- tetraphenylporphine
TPPS -- tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine
TpyP -- tetra(4-pyridyl)porphine
2-TpyP -- tetra(2-pyridyl)porphine
3-TpyP -- tetra(3-pyridyl)porphine
trien -- triethylenetetramine
TrpH -- tryptophan
tspc -- 3,10,17,24-tetrasulfophthalocyanine
TTP -- tetra(4-methylphenyl)porphine
TxOH^– -- 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylate ion (Trolox C anion)
TyrOH -- tyrosine
TZP -- tetra[4-N-(3-sulfonatopropyl)pyridyl]porphine
U -- uracil